Siron Franco (Goiás Velho GO 1947)
Siron Franco is a painter, sculptor, illustrator, draftsman, printmaker and art director. On January 16, 1950, he moved to Goiânia, where he lived in a lower-middle-class area, the Bairro Popular. It was precisely in this neighborhood that the Cesium-137 disaster occurred in 1987.
In 1959, Siron's first known work. It is not known for certain when Siron first came into contact with the visual arts or began to show some interest in that direction. It is known, however, that in Goiânia middle-class people used to decorate the walls of their homes with poor, cheap reproductions of the European masters, from the Renaissance to Impressionism. These reproductions were possibly Siron's first contact with the visual arts. In his parents' house there was, for example, a reproduction of Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper. Taking this as Siron's first contact with the visual arts, there is no way to pin down the date he began to paint. That year, during a short trip by his parents, Siron painted the Last Supper on the wall of his house.
A year later, in 1960, Siron began to attend the Open-Air Studio supervised by two local painters, D.J. Oliveira and Cleber Gouvêa. Since he lacked the time and means to pay for painting classes, his involvement with the studio was limited. Perhaps he was there only as an observer. It was there that he found, in addition to the great help of those painters, the painter Confaloni, founder of the first school of fine arts in Goiânia and his first mentor.
In 1961, he began working at a publishing house, a job that gave him access to something precious to him: paper.
Between 1962 and 1966, with no steady job or financial stability, Siron taught himself to master the technique of drawing and, now in a less self-taught way, that of painting. His method was based on observation and experimentation. He began to support himself as a portraitist, painting in oil, a technique he masters but rarely uses.
He accepted commissions as a graphic designer and indeed any work that came along.
In 1967, Siron painted the wife of the governor of Goiás. With this work, his reputation as a portraitist grew and spread to Brasília, where he portrayed figures from high society.
That year, Siron held his first solo exhibition of drawings, at the Hotel Bandeirante. He submitted three India-ink drawings to the selection committee of the Second Bahia Biennial.
A year later, Siron showed the three works accepted at the Second Bahia Biennial: Cavalo de Tróia (Trojan Horse), Fim de Todos (End of All) and Morte aos Primogênitos (Death to the Firstborn). On opening night, the entire Biennial was closed by the military regime and two of his works were destroyed; only Cavalo de Tróia survived, and it received the Acquisition Prize.
In 1969, he held his second solo exhibition at the Fundação Cultural de Brasília, showing drawings and paintings. In this phase, Siron began to paint sacred themes, especially Madonnas, which were highly saleable and well accepted in Latin countries. This income gave Siron some financial freedom to develop his own work, which at the time still lacked definition and did not sell.
On March 23, 1970, he moved to São Paulo.
He worked with Bernardo Cid and Walter Levy. At that time he made some works he called "Era das Máquinas" (Machine Age). He got to know the Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP).
He took part in a group show with the artists who would put on the exhibition "Surrealismo e Arte Fantástica" (Surrealism and Fantastic Art) at Galeria Seta in São Paulo, where he presented the works Eros and Tánatos.
In 1971, Siron returned with his family to Goiânia. He prepared thirty canvases, which he sent to the Iate Clube in Rio de Janeiro, where he would hold his first solo exhibition in that city.
In November 1972, he exhibited 42 works at the Iate Clube do Rio de Janeiro. At that time, Siron's work had a great champion in Walmir Ayala, writer and art critic for the cultural section of the Jornal do Brasil. In his article "O Pesadelo Tecnológico" (The Technological Nightmare), he wrote: "Cybernetics, the technological dream, are the driving forces of Siron's mature Surrealism, which has in Bosch and in Flemish painting, as between God and his creation, a likeness that this powerful artist from Goiás has gradually blurred, and Bosch found himself enlarged and interpreted in the manner of the Brazilian backlands".
In 1973, he abandoned the hyperrealist style to paint isolated, deformed figures suggesting fetuses, centered on the canvas. At this exhibition another key figure in his career appeared: the critic Jayme Maurício, who became Siron's first intellectual mentor.
Siron was invited to take part in the First Salão Global da Primavera in Brasília. He received the Travel Prize, which consisted of a six-month stay in Mexico. It would be the first time he left Brazil.
A year later, Siron returned to Brazil. His works were admitted to the 12th National Biennial in São Paulo. Siron emerged victorious among 145 competitors, winning the prize of one thousand dollars, as well as being named best painter of the year and the only Brazilian representative at the 13th São Paulo International Biennial.
He took part in the 23rd Salão de Arte Moderna at the Museu Nacional de Belas Artes in Rio de Janeiro, receiving the Jury Exemption Prize.
He also took part in two group exhibitions: one of Brazilian artists held at the National Museum in Osaka, Japan, and another at the American Chamber of Commerce in Rio de Janeiro.
He also had solo shows at Galeria LBP in Goiânia and at Petite Galerie in Rio de Janeiro.
Although well received by the press and selling well, Siron continued to paint Madonnas and Madonna-like figures, perhaps because, with his family always growing, his needs grew as well.
In May 1975, he submitted three works to the 24th Salão de Arte Moderna in Rio de Janeiro, at the Museu Nacional de Belas Artes: A Rainha (The Queen), O Espelho (The Mirror) and O Limite do Sistema (The Limit of the System). The painting A Rainha won him the Travel Prize, corresponding to a two-year stay in a foreign country of his choice and a monthly grant of five hundred dollars. At the time, this prize was the highest honor a Brazilian artist could aspire to.
Solo exhibition at Galeria Oscar Seráphico in Brasília. In November, he was chosen to represent Brazil at the 13th São Paulo International Biennial, where he received the Foundation's International Prize, worth three thousand dollars.
At the age of 28, Siron had already received the most important awards in the country.
In 1976, Siron left for Europe, returning to Brazil several times to fulfill professional commitments.
In 1977, Siron took part in a traveling exhibition entitled "Brasil e sua arte contemporânea" (Brazil and Its Contemporary Art), which toured several Brazilian embassies in Europe.
In 1979, Siron was again invited to represent Brazil at the 15th São Paulo International Biennial, where MASP's director, Mr. Bardi, acquired the entire exhibition.
Siron also held two exhibitions: a group show called "Figuração Referencial" (Referential Figuration), mounted at the 11th Belo Horizonte Art Salon, and a solo show at Galeria Casa Grande in Goiás.
In July 1980, the traveling group show "Destaque Hilton de Pintura" (Hilton Painting Highlight) opened in Brasília and then traveled to the Museums of Modern Art of São Paulo, Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro.
He won the award for best painter of the year.
He also took part in the group show "Vinte Pintores Brasileiros" (Twenty Brazilian Painters) at MASP.
After returning from Spain, the artist declared that, living abroad, he had felt stimulated by color. He had become aware of how colorful Brazil was.
From then on, color became the driving force of Siron's works.
Its alliance with rich, dense imagery produced a combination that would prove unbeatable.
In November, Siron exhibited 37 canvases entitled "Semelhantes" (Similar Ones), whose dimensions were, by Brazilian standards, very large. Some of the works had been given a number and a title, others only numbers. Together they formed the series called "Semelhantes". It was considered by many the best exhibition Siron had ever held, and it was a decisive moment in the artist's career, marking both his past trajectory and the paths he would follow in the future.
He held his first exhibition in Bahia, at the State Cultural Foundation, taking these works.
In 1985, he directed a TV documentary called Xingu. The film was awarded a gold medal at the World Television Festival and shown at the Venice Biennale.
He took part in the 2nd Havana Biennial in 1986.
He took part in three other group exhibitions: URBS, at Galeria Montesanti in Rio de Janeiro; O Futebol-Arte no Brasil (Football-Art in Brazil), a traveling exhibition that left São Paulo and toured several Mexican cities; and the first "Christian Dior Contemporary Art" exhibition, at the Paço Imperial in Rio de Janeiro.
He held two solo exhibitions, at Galeria São Paulo and Galeria Montesanti, both in São Paulo.
The Bahian community living in Brasília commissioned from Siron the first public monument he would make in his life. He took part, as art director, in making the television documentary Pantanal.
In 1987, with his finances well balanced, he moved with his family to a newly built house on the outskirts of Goiânia, in Buriti Sereno, where he set up his new studio.
Already well regarded by the press and by dealers and museum directors, Siron could afford to leave the Rio–São Paulo circuit and settle in his favorite habitat, Goiânia, which he leaves as little as possible.
He was invited to create five thousand different ceramic plaques, a project that took 45 days of work with his whole team, for the owner of Cecrisa to give as gifts to friends attending a conference in Brasília.
In works from the late 1990s, the artist moved from a more evident figuration to the use of large chromatic planes, in almost abstract works in which he employs various techniques: collage, drawing and graphic marks. As Dawn Ades points out, his production stands out for its formal innovation, for its commitment to the satirical, which coexists unusually with "serious" painting, and for its reference to important political and social issues such as ecology and the defense of Indigenous peoples.
For Siron Franco, "art has the purpose of trying to bring better days to mankind". He states: "I try, in my own way, to bear witness to my time; what I do is a subjective chronicle of the time I live in".
In July 1994, the artist was invited to take part in the MARCO Prize at the Monterrey Museum of Contemporary Art. The work he sent, a polyptych entitled Marcas na Tela (Marks on the Canvas), became part of the museum's collection.
With impeccable technique, he gives his paintings a dramatic atmosphere through the use of dark tones, grays and browns. With more than 3,000 pieces created, besides installations and interventions, his work has been shown in more than a hundred group exhibitions around the world, including the most important salons and biennials.
Critiques
"With an excellent and distinctive technical command, his low-toned palette of grays and browns adds a dramatic atmosphere to his narratives. Preferring to speak broadly of man and his ferocity, Siron has developed many series, always targeting this character as a dangerous animal. In the head—the perverse gaze and the gnashing of teeth—lies the main point of reference of these implications. There is great sarcasm throughout the work, populated by Goyaesquely corroded and decrepit creatures. Grouped or isolated, his characters devour one another and themselves in a climate of aggressiveness. In the struggle between the rational and the irrational, the latter prevails, responsible for human degradation. And in the struggle for survival, he exposes the sordid and cruel side of the inner workings of power. Thus he keeps adding to his ranks of characters the nouveaux riches, rulers, executives, pamphleteers, merchants, the corrupt, madmen, beasts and victims, components of the capitalist picture".
Aline Figueiredo
"The connection with life is a trait of Siron's own personality, always present, always active, seeking to intervene in the social and political process. This 'participating' trait of the citizen—of the painter—is expressed in manifestations that sometimes go beyond the language of painting to make use of heterodox forms of expression. Thus, the installations Siron has created have always had the character of an immediate intervention in events, whether denouncing the chaotic and homicidal state of traffic in Brazilian cities or the country's high infant mortality rate. The most recent and remarkable of these works is the Monument to the Indigenous Nations, built on the outskirts of Goiânia. This monument, whose outer form imitates the map of Brazil, draws on the creativity of the Brazilian Indian to signal recognition of his contribution to national art and culture. In conceiving it, in the terms in which he conceived it, Siron Franco at the same time descends to the immemorial sources that also nourish his own imagination and his art".
Ferreira Gullar
Testimonials
"Art has the purpose of trying to bring better days to mankind. I try in my own way, bearing witness to what touches me. In my own way, I make a subjective chronicle of the time I live in".
Siron Franco, 1974
FRANCO, Siron. Siron Franco: pinturas e desenhos de 1975 a 1984. São Paulo: Companhia das Artes, 1988.
Collections
Fundação Roberto Marinho - Rio de Janeiro RJ
Fundação Padre Anchieta - São Paulo SP
Fundação Xapuri - Rio Branco AC
Metropolitan Museum of Art - MoMA - New York (United States)
Monterrey Museum of Contemporary Art - MARCO - Monterrey (Mexico)
Museu Nacional de Belas Artes - MNBA - Rio de Janeiro
Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro - Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection - MAM/RJ
Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo - MAM/SP
Museu de Arte de Belo Horizonte - MG
Museu de Arte Moderna da Bahia - Salvador BA
University of Essex, Collection of Latin American Art - UECLAA - Colchester (Great Britain)
Kunsthaus Zürich - Zurich (Switzerland)
Source: Itaú Cultural
Solo Exhibitions
1967
Goiânia GO - Siron Franco: Drawings, at Hotel Bandeirantes
1969
Brasília DF - Siron Franco: Drawings and Paintings, at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal
1972
Brasília DF - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Porta do Sol
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Iate Clube do Rio de Janeiro
1973
Porto Alegre RS - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Guignard
Porto Alegre RS - Solo, at Galeria Vernissage
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Intercontinental
1974
Goiânia GO - Solo, at Galeria LBP
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1975
Brasília DF - Solo, at Galeria Oscar Seraphico
São Paulo SP - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Cosme Velho
1976
Porto Alegre RS - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Oficina de Arte
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1977
Goiânia GO - Siron Franco Shows Sacred Art, at Galeria Casa Grande
Rome (Italy) - Goiás, Brazil: Its Contemporary Art, at the Brazilian Embassy in Italy
1978
Brasília DF - Solo, at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal
Goiânia GO - Siron Franco: Drawings, at Galeria Casa Grande
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Latest Works, at Galeria Bonino
1979
Brasília DF - Solo, at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal
Goiânia GO - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Casa Grande
1980
Salvador BA - Solo, at MAM/BA
São Paulo SP - Solo, at Masp
1981
Goiânia GO - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Casa Grande
Porto Alegre RS - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Galeria Salamandra
Recife PE - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
1982
Goiânia GO - Gouaches and Collages, at Galeria Casa Grande
Goiânia GO - Solo, at Casa Grande Galeria de Arte
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Bonino
1983
Curitiba PR - Solo, at Galeria Ida e Anita
Porto Alegre RS - Solo, at Bolsa de Arte
Recife PE - Siron, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
1984
Belo Horizonte MG - Solo, at Galeria Mandala
São Paulo SP - Small Formats, at Paulo Figueiredo Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - Siron Franco: Recent Paintings, at Paulo Figueiredo Galeria de Arte
1985
Maceió AL - Solo, at Karandash Arte Contemporânea
Salvador BA - Solo, at Escritório de Arte da Bahia
1986
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Montesanti Roesler
São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria de Arte São Paulo
1987
São Paulo SP - Goiânia Rua 57: Gouaches, Paintings and Sculptures, at Galeria Montesanti Roesler
1988
Cologne (Germany) - Siron Goiânia Brasil, at Galeria Inge Baecker
São Paulo SP - Siron Franco: Paintings and Drawings from 1975 to 1984, at Companhia das Artes
1989
Brasília DF - O Curral (The Corral), at Teatro Nacional Cláudio Santoro
São Paulo SP - O Curral (The Corral), at Subdistrito Comercial de Arte
1990
Fortaleza CE - Nocturnes, at Galeria Multiarte
São Paulo SP - Peles (Skins), at Galeria Montesanti Roesler
1991
Coral Gables (United States) - Siron Franco: Recent Works, at Elite Fine Arts Gallery
Porto Alegre RS - Rua 57: Part II, at Agência de Arte
1992
Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Goiânia Rua 57, at Organization of American States
London (England) - Siron Franco: Recent Paintings, at Elms Lesters
1993
Brasília DF - Goiânia Rua 57, at Galeria Gazeta Mercantil
Paris (France) - Solo, at Gaymu Inter Art Galerie
1994
Coral Gables (United States) - Solo, at Elite Fine Arts Gallery
London (England) - Solo, at Durini Gallery
Porto Alegre RS - Solo, at Bolsa de Arte
1995
Brasília DF - Via Sacra, at Galeria BRB
Brasília DF - Magic Objects, at Itamaraty
Goiânia GO - Magic Objects, at Galeria de Arte Marina Potrich
Recife PE - Magic Objects, at ARIA
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Magic Objects, at MNBA
São Paulo SP - Magic Objects, at Masp
1996
Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Magic Objects, at Fundación Banco Patrícios
Salvador BA - Siron Franco: Paintings, at Escritório de Arte da Bahia
1997
Belo Horizonte MG - Curtume (Tannery), at Galeria Manoel Macedo
1998
Curitiba PR - Visions, at Simões de Assis Galeria de Arte
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Siron Franco: Paintings from the 1970s to the 1990s, at CCBB
São Paulo SP - Siron Franco: Paintings from the 1970s to the 1990s, at Pavilhão Manoel da Nóbrega
1999
Porto Alegre RS - Solo, at Margs
São Paulo SP - A Vida Bate (Life Beats), at MuBE
2000
Goiânia GO - A Vida Bate (Life Beats)
Goiânia GO - Casulos (Cocoons), at Teatro Nacional Cláudio Santoro
London (England) - Siron Franco: Cocoons, at ELMS Lesters
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Siron 800 Times: Ceramics, at MNBA
2001
Brasília DF - Siron Franco: Ceramics, at Teatro Nacional Cláudio Santoro
Goiânia GO - Rua 57 Camas – Césio Series, at Fundação Jaime Câmara
Porto Alegre RS - Casulos (Cocoons), at Centro Cultural Aplub
Salvador BA - Casulos (Cocoons), at Solar do Unhão
Salvador BA - Siron Franco: Paintings from the 1980s and 1990s, at Paulo Darzé Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - Casulos (Cocoons), at Galeria Nara Roesler
2002
Salvador BA - Siron Franco: Drawings, at Paulo Darzé Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - Intolerance, at Memorial da Liberdade
Group Exhibitions
1963
Goiânia GO - 1st Goiás Artists Salon - award winner
1968
Salvador BA - 2nd Bahia National Biennial, at MAM/BA - acquisition prize
1970
São Paulo SP - Surrealism and Fantastic Art, at Seta Galeria de Arte
1973
Brasília DF - 1st Global Spring Salon - travel-abroad prize
1974
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 23rd National Salon of Modern Art, at MAM/RJ
São Paulo SP - National Biennial 74, at Fundação Bienal
1975
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 24th National Salon of Modern Art, at MNBA - travel-abroad prize
São Paulo SP - 13th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal - international painting prize
São Paulo SP - 2nd Brazil-Japan Fine Arts Exhibition, at Legislative Assembly of the State of São Paulo
1976
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 25th National Salon of Modern Art
São Paulo SP - 8th Panorama of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1977
Goiânia GO - 4th Frei Confaloni Art Salon
Rome (Italy) - Goiás, Brazil: Its Contemporary Art, at Brazilian embassies
Milan (Italy) - Goiás, Brazil: Its Contemporary Art, at Brazilian embassies
Paris (France) - Goiás, Brazil: Its Contemporary Art, at Brazilian embassies
1979
Belo Horizonte MG - 11th Belo Horizonte National Contemporary Art Salon
Belo Horizonte MG - Referential Figuration, at the National Art Salon
São Paulo SP - 15th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1980
Belo Horizonte MG - Hilton Painting Highlight, at Fundação Clóvis Salgado. Palácio das Artes
Brasília DF - Hilton Painting Highlight, at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal
Curitiba PR - Hilton Painting Highlight, at Teatro Guaíra
Porto Alegre RS - Hilton Painting Highlight, at Margs
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Hilton Painting Highlight, at MAM/RJ
Santiago (Chile) - 20 Pintores Brasileños (20 Brazilian Painters), at Academia Chilena de Bellas Artes
1981
Bogotá (Colombia) - 10 Artistas Brasileños (10 Brazilian Artists), at Museo de Arte Moderno de Bogotá
Medellín (Colombia) - 4th Medellín Biennial
Osaka (Japan) - Japanese and Latin American Contemporary Art, at Osaka Art Museum
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Pablo! Pablo!: A Brazilian Interpretation of Guernica, at Funarte
São Paulo SP - Arte Goiás 19, at Galeria Prestes Maia
Valparaíso (Chile) - 5th Valparaíso Biennial
1982
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Universe of Football, at MAM/RJ
1983
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 6th National Visual Arts Salon, at MAM/RJ
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Contemporary Brazilian Artists, at MNBA
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian Self-Portraits, at Galeria de Arte Banerj
São Paulo SP - 14th Panorama of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
São Paulo SP - Art on the Street
1984
Mexico City (Mexico) - 4th Ibero-American Biennial - award winner
Ottawa (Canada) - Exhibits alongside Antonio Henrique Amaral, at National Arts Centre
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Active Brazilian Painting, at Espaço Petrobras
São Paulo SP - The Color and Drawing of Brazil, at MAM/SP
São Paulo SP - Tradition and Rupture: A Synthesis of Brazilian Art and Culture, at Fundação Bienal
Tokyo (Japan) - Latin American Artists, at the Metropolitan Museum
The Hague (Netherlands) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
Lisbon (Portugal) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
London (England) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
Madrid (Spain) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
Paris (France) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
Rome (Italy) - The Color and Drawing of Brazil
1985
Brasília DF - Brazilianness and Independence, at the Foyer of the Teatro Nacional de Brasília
São Paulo SP - 18th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
São Paulo SP - 7 Painters of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Portal Galeria de Arte Ltda.
São Paulo SP - Highlights of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
Tokyo (Japan) - Art of Brazil Today, at the Hara Museum of Contemporary Art
1986
Havana (Cuba) - 2nd Havana Biennial, at the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st Christian Dior Contemporary Art Exhibition: Painting, at Paço Imperial
São Paulo SP - The URBS as Seen by Eight Artists, at Galeria Montesanti Roesler
São Paulo SP - Football, Art of Brazil, at CCSP
Mexico - Football, Art of Brazil
1987
Brasília DF - Levante Centro-Oeste (Midwest Rising), at Sala Martins Pena
Mexico City (Mexico) - Art of the Fantastic Latin-America, 1920-1987, at Centro Cultural Arte Contemporáneo
Indianapolis (United States) - Art of The Fantastic Latin-America: 1920-1987, at Indianapolis Museum of Art
Miami (United States) - Art of the Fantastic Latin-America, 1920-1987, at Centre for Fine Arts
New York (United States) - Art of the Fantastic Latin-America, 1920-1987, at The Queens Museum
Paris (France) - Modernity: 20th-Century Brazilian Art, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
Paris (France) - São Paulo - Rio - Paris, at Galerie 1900-2000
Rio de Janeiro RJ - São Paulo - Rio - Paris, at Montesanti Galleria
Salvador BA - 12 Brazilian Artists, at Anarte Galeria
São Paulo SP - The Craft of Art: Painting, at Sesc
São Paulo SP - São Paulo-Rio-Paris, at Galeria Montesanti Roesler
1988
Leverkusen (Germany) - Brasil Já (Brazil Now), at Morsbroich Museum
Los Angeles (United States) - Introspectives: Contemporary Art by Americans and Brazilians of African Descent, at California African American Museum
Paris (France) - São Paulo-Rio-Paris, at Galerie 1900/2000
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Le Déjeuner sur l'Art: Manet in Brazil, at EAV/Parque Lage
São Paulo SP - Modernity: 20th-Century Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
São Paulo SP - Rhythms and Forms: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Sesc
Stuttgart (Germany) - Brasil Já (Brazil Now), at Galerie Landesgirokasse
Leverkusen (Germany) - Brasil Já (Brazil Now), at Museum Morsbroich
1989
Copenhagen (Denmark) - Rhythms and Forms: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Charlottenborg
Dijon (France) - Goiás: un regard sur l'art contemporain du Brésil
Fortaleza CE - 19th- and 20th-Century Brazilian Art in Ceará Collections: Paintings and Drawings, at Espaço Cultural da Unifor
Hannover (Germany) - Brasil Já (Brazil Now), at Sprengel Museum
Los Angeles (United States) - Introspectives: Contemporary Art by Americans and Brazilians of African Descent, at The California Afro-American Museum
São Paulo SP - 20th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
São Paulo SP - 20th Panorama of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
São Paulo SP - Surrealism in Brazil, at Pinacoteca do Estado
1990
Atami (Japan) - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition
Brasília DF - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition
Brasília DF - Pantanal: Seven Visions, at Visual Galeria de Arte
Caracas (Venezuela) - Figures and Fables: 75 Years of Art in Latin America
Fortaleza CE - Unifor Plástica, at Espaço Cultural da Unifor
Goiânia GO - 20 Years of the Museu de Arte de Goiânia, at the Museu de Arte
Los Angeles (United States) - Chicano and Latino, at Daniel Saxon Gallery
New York (United States) - Introspectives: Contemporary Art by Americans and Brazilians of African Descent, at The Bronx Museum of the Arts
New York (United States) - Latina Art 90, at Galeria Anita Shapolsky
Recife PE - Mystic, Sacred and Profane, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
Rio de Janeiro RJ - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition
São Paulo SP - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition, at Fundação Brasil-Japão
São Paulo SP - Fruits, Flowers and Colors, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - Painted Cats, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - People of Fiber, at Sesc Pompéia
Sapporo (Japan) - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition
Tokyo (Japan) - 9th Brazil-Japan Contemporary Art Exhibition
1991
Coral Gables (United States) - Latin American Spectrum, at Elite Fine Arts Gallery
Stockholm (Sweden) - Vioz-Brasil - Vioz, at Liljevalchs Konsthall
Madrid (Spain) - 5th Centenary of the Discovery of America
Madrid (Spain) - Imaquinaciones: 16 miradas al 92
Nagoya (Japan) - Perspectives of the Present: contemporary painting of Latin American, at Nagoya Museum of Art
São Paulo SP - 21st São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
São Paulo SP - Chico and the Animals, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
São Paulo SP - Two Brazilian Painters: Siron Franco, Thomaz Ianelli, at Fundação Memorial da América Latina
São Paulo SP - El Reino de este Mundo en Irazabal, Lizardo y Russo, at Fundação Memorial da América Latina
São Paulo SP - Installation À Flor da Terra, at Sesc Pompéia
São Paulo SP - National x International in Brazilian Art, at Paço das Artes
São Paulo SP - Siron, Reynaldo and Scliar, at Ranulpho Galeria de Arte
1992
Belo Horizonte MG - Manoel Macedo Galeria de Arte: 10 Years, at Manoel Macedo Galeria de Arte
Mexico City (Mexico) - Imaquinaciones - 16 Miradas al 92, organized by the Spanish National Commission for the 5th Centenary of the Discovery of America
New York (United States) - Imaquinaciones - 16 Miradas al 92, organized by the Spanish National Commission for the 5th Centenary of the Discovery of America
Madrid (Spain) - Imaquinaciones - 16 Miradas al 92, organized by the Spanish National Commission for the 5th Centenary of the Discovery of America
London (England) - Cross Culture Currents in Contemporary Latin American Art, at Canning House
Poços de Caldas MG - Brazilian Modern Art: Collection of the Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo, at Casa da Cultura de Poços de Caldas
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Eco Art, at MAM/RJ
Washington (United States) - Chicago and Latino, at Kimberly Gallery
Zurich (Switzerland) - Brasilien: entdeckung und selbstentdeckung, at Kunsthaus Zürich
1993
Colchester (England) - Searching for Self-Identity, at University of Essex. Art Gallery
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil: 100 Years of Modern Art – Sérgio Fadel Collection, at MNBA
1994
Juiz de Fora MG - America, at UFJF
Lisbon (Portugal) - Beyond Taprobana: The Human Figure in the Visual Arts of Portuguese-Speaking Countries, at Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes
Monterrey (Mexico) - MARCO Prize, at Museo de Arte Contemporaneo de Monterrey
Rio de Janeiro RJ - One Hundred Years of Brazilian Art, at MNBA
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Trenches: Art and Politics in Brazil, at MAM/RJ
São Paulo SP - America, at Masp
São Paulo SP - 20th Century Brazil Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
São Paulo SP - Claudio Tozzi, Ivald Granato, Cleber Machado, Maurício Nogueira Lima, Rubens Gerchman, Siron Franco and Tomshige Kusuno, at A Hebraica
São Paulo SP - The New Travelers, at Sesc Pompéia
São Paulo SP - Landscapes, at Galeria de Arte São Paulo
São Paulo SP - For Children to See, Touch and Transform, at Pinacoteca do Estado
São Paulo SP - Circus Life and Art, at Pinacoteca do Estado
1995
Lausanne (Switzerland) - Rio: Mysteries and Frontiers, at Musée de Pully
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Beyond Taprobana: The Human Figure in the Visual Arts of Portuguese-Speaking Countries, at MAM/RJ
São Paulo SP - Children of Abaporu, at Arte do Brasil
São Paulo SP - Contact Project, at Galeria Sesc Paulista
1996
Dormagen (Germany) - Brasilianische Kunst der Gegenwart, at Bayer AG - Feierabendhaus
Leverkusen (Germany) - Brasilianische Kunst der Gegenwart, at Bayer AG - Foyer Hochhaus W1
London (England) - UECLAA Highlights, at Bolivar Hall
Monterrey (Mexico) - MARCO Prize, at Museo de Arte Contemporaneo de Monterrey
Porto Alegre RS - 1st Sesc Sculpture: International Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition, at Sesc Campestre
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Rio: Mysteries and Frontiers, at MAM/RJ
Santiago (Chile) - 10 Brazilian Artists, at Museo de Arte Contemporáneo
São Paulo SP - 1st Off Bienal, at MuBE
São Paulo SP - Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
São Paulo SP - Sudameris Galleria Collection Exhibition, at Sudameris Galleria
São Paulo SP - United Artists 2: Utopia, at Casa das Rosas
1997
Curitiba PR - Casa Cor Sul, at Simões de Assis Galeria de Arte
Goiânia GO - Brazilianness: A Selection of Brazilian Artists, at Galeria de Arte Marina Potrich
Porto Alegre RS - 1st Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial, at Aplub, Casa de Cultura Mário Quintana, DC Navegantes, Edel, Usina do Gasômetro, Instituto de Artes da UFRGS, Fundação Bienal de Artes Visuais do Mercosul, Margs, Espaço Ulbra, Museu de Comunicação Social, Reitoria da UFRGS and Theatro São Pedro
Porto Alegre RS - Political Strand, at Fundação Bienal de Artes Visuais do Mercosul
São Paulo SP - Dimensions of Contemporary Art, at MAC/USP
São Paulo SP - Diversity of Contemporary Brazilian Sculpture, on Avenida Paulista, organized by the Ministry of Culture/Itaú Cultural
1998
Brasília DF - Cien Recuerdos para Garcia Lorca, at Espaço Cultural 508 Sul
Niterói RJ - Mirror of the Biennial, at MAC/Niterói
Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Image of the Sound of Caetano Veloso, at Paço Imperial
São Paulo SP - Elective Affinities I: The Collector's Eye, at Casa das Rosas
São Paulo SP - Canibáliafetiva, at A Estufa
São Paulo SP - Figurations: 30 Years in Brazilian Art, at MAC/USP
1999
Goiânia GO - 2nd Great Group Show of Brazilian Art, at Galeria de Arte Marina Potrich
São Paulo SP - 8 Brazilian Artists, at Galeria Sergio Caribé
São Paulo SP - The Resacralization of Art, at Sesc Pompéia
São Paulo SP - Brazil in the Century of Art, at Galeria de Arte do Sesi
2000
Lisbon (Portugal) - 20th Century: Art from Brazil, at Centro de Arte Moderna José de Azeredo Perdigão
São Paulo SP - Almeida Júnior: An Artist Revisited, at Pinacoteca do Estado
São Paulo SP - Brazil + 500 Rediscovery Exhibition, at Fundação Bienal
São Paulo SP - The Angels Are Back, at Pinacoteca do Estado
2001
Fortaleza CE - Portraits: Belchior as Seen by Great Names and by Himself, at Centro Cultural Oboé
Ribeirão Preto SP - Ribeirão Preto Art Salon, at Casa da Cultura de Ribeirão Preto
Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Spirit of Our Time, at MAM/RJ
São Paulo SP - Instant Biographies, at Casa das Rosas
São Paulo SP - Brazilian Culture 1, at Casa das Rosas
São Paulo SP - Museu de Arte Brasileira: 40 Years, at MAB/Faap
São Paulo SP - The Spirit of Our Time, at MAM/SP
2002
Fortaleza CE - Ceará Rediscovers Brazil, at Centro Dragão do Mar de Arte e Cultura
Santos SP - Metrópolis Contemporary Art Collection, at Pinacoteca Benedito Calixto
São Paulo SP - Contemporary Artists: ABCA Prize 2000/2001, at CCBB
São Paulo SP - Metrópolis Contemporary Art Collection, at Pinacoteca do Estado
São Paulo SP - Imaginary Mexico: The Brazilian Artist's Gaze, at Casa das Rosas
São Paulo SP - Open Opera: Celebration, at Casa das Rosas
2003
Rio de Janeiro RJ - Belchior: Portraits and Self-Portraits, at Centro Cultural da Justiça Federal
São Paulo SP - Art and Society: A Controversial Relationship, at Itaú Cultural
2004
Campinas SP - Metrópolis Contemporary Art Collection, at Espaço Cultural CPFL
São Paulo SP - Contemporary Art in Iberê Camargo's Studio, at CEUMA
