Marcello Nitsche (São Paulo SP 1942 - Idem 2017)
Marcello Nitsche was a painter, intermedia artist, sculptor, draftsman, engraver and teacher. He graduated as a Degree in Drawing from the Faculty of Fine Arts of the Armando Álvares Penteado Foundation (FAAP), in São Paulo, completing the course in 1969. In the same year, he received the award from the Municipality of São Paulo for the most relevant research work presented at the International Biennial of São Paulo.
At the beginning of his career, he acted as a recorder, but soon dedicated himself to painting. His production approached pop art, with works influenced by the process of creating images characteristic of comics. From the 1980s onwards, the gestuality of the painting and the structure of the brush strokes became central elements in his work.
Marcello Nitsche also signed sculptures installed in public spaces, such as Garatuja (1978), a Modulated structure located in Praça da Sé, and three-dimensional brushstrokes (2000), in Parque da Luz, both in São Paulo. As of 2001, his paintings began exploring barcodes, incorporating vertical lines and numerical sequences as predominant visual elements.
Critical Comment
Marcello Nitsche starts the career as recorder. Soon after, he began to dedicate himself to painting, working inspired by the language of pop art. Not by chance, the physicist and art critic Mário Schenberg says that he is "the most pop of Brazilian artists".1 In his paintings, he appropriates comic books, with irony and a sense of humor. As of 1965, he began a process of removing the paint and brush, starting to work with graphic images and objective and unconventional formats. The politicized work Aliança para o Progresso, 1965, is an exemplary of this phase.
In 1968, it performs bubbles, large inflatable sculptures, which it exhibits at the Brasília Motor Show and the São Paulo International Biennial. According to critic Aracy Amaral, these inflatables are "one of the highest points of Brazilian creativity in that decade, environmental and thought-provoking, linking the work with the participating public and its context". Two years later, this production continues. He makes experimental cinema in Super-8, with the works O Mar e Cubo de Fume.
During the first half of the 1970s, he makes other films. Co-directs the short film Living Surfaces, 1973 and makes a self-portrait and sewing:, 1975. These works demonstrate a growing interest by the artist in the appropriation of genres and established elements of the artistic tradition. Within this line of research, in 1978, he made the sculpture scribbling, a large modulated structure, which imitates one of the gestures of painting: the scribbling. The piece is placed at Praça da Sé, in São Paulo, the first of which is a series of three-dimensional works shown in open places.
In the 1980s, the gestural elements of the painting become the main subject of Nitsche's work. The artist takes free strokes and spontaneous gestures, and converts them into graphic signs. The work becomes more and more complex. Instead of dealing with a gesture, he starts to work on the plot of brush strokes. In the three-dimensional brush stroke sculpture, 2000, a mesh of gestures is converted into a graphic form, formalized as a three-dimensional object and then installed in Parque da Luz, in São Paulo. These gestural and objectified forms are explored during the 1980s and 1990s. In 2001, he developed a new series of paintings that are inspired by bar codes. According to historian Ana Maria Belluzzo, "the paintings modulated by vertical lines and marked by numbers, are reduced paintings, particularized by the variation of minimal elements (...) Nitsche, which individualizes and diversifies each frame, each series, each multiple".3
Notes
1 SCHENBERG, Mario. Marcelo Nitsche. In: _____. Thinking the art. São Paulo: Nova Stella, 1988. p. 41.
2 AMARAL, Aracy. Looking at Nitsche Fragiles. In: _____. Art and artistic environment: between the feijoada and the x-burguer: 1961 - 1981. São Paulo: Nobel, 1983. p. 357.
3 NITSCHE, Marcello. the universal code of painting versus; the universal code of products. São Paulo: Galeria São Paulo, 2002.
Criticism
"(...) extraordinarily provocative, terribly serious, the work [bubble] of Nitsche scares, in its initial development, the audience that surrounds it As a living and strange organism to extend its evolutionary power through the environment that starts to occupy more and more frightening the closest assistants, physically pressing the spectator. (...) Even the noise of the accompanying machine and 'growing' to the 'orgasm' of the work is important, From the point of view of communication, with each present a vibration in this erotic envelopment of the sex, genital form of the work at rest, until its climax".
Aracy Amaral
Amaral, Aracy, apres. From the stamps to the bubble. In: NITSCHE, Marcello. Marcello Nitsche. apres. Aracy Amaral. São Paulo: Galeria Arte Global, 1976.
"Marcello Nitsche is one of the most promising figures of young Brazilian art, the most gifted of his generation in São Paulo. He is perhaps the most pop of Brazilian artists. It is by no means a mere repetition of pop trends in other countries: it is born from an authentic and profound experience of the environment of the São Paulo metropolis, especially what characterizes it as a great Brazilian industrial center. His capture of this environment, which does not exist in Rio de Janeiro or any other Brazilian city. Marcello Nitsche is for São Paulo what Hélio Oiticica and Rubens Gerchman are for Guanabara. Paulo, a modern city with almost no living presence of the past, where contemporary massification is felt with incomparably greater strength than in other Brazilian cities. (...) Nitsche has an extremely modern visual sense, very subtly modern. A certain beauty of advertising posters is repugnant to him, so often found even in good Brazilian pop artists. He knows how to see extremely informal or even fluid plastic structures, which escape our pop artists who have been influenced by Concretism. In its objects, structures always appear as products of social life, never as voluntarily sought plastic elaborations."
Mario Schenberg
[Text written originally in 1967]
Schenberg, Mario. Thinking about Art. Photography Romulo Fialdini. Sao Paulo: Nova Stella, 1988. p. 41-42.
"Beauty in the works of Marcello Nitsche lies in the reasons that animate the technique with that are made.
These techniques, which the artist masters, dominates in an enviable way, are required by their ideas about what to do to say what is intended. And what they say is an intriguing and beautiful speech about the virtues of nature. surprising and revealing emotion about the phenomena of nature, discourse on knowledge, intriguing, irreplaceable. A sweet and sighed look at the origins and the eternal unfinishedness of the formation of consciousness and language. The ways of man in the universe. The inflatables, the cube drawn with clear clouds in the blue sky. . . Each is a way of repeating shapes never built like this before. Fluid mechanics, capillarity, surface tension, moments of matter, nature surprised to reveal new ways of knowing, new configurations of the same apparent, always nature, which is now no longer what it simulated. science and technique designed in invented languages in an artistic form".
Paulo A. Mendes da Rocha
NITSCHE, Marcello. Marcello Nitsche. Presentation Paulo Mendes da Rocha. São Paulo: Ana Cláudia Roso Art Office, 1994.
Individual exhibitions
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, at MAM/RJ
1973 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, At Galeria Grupo B
1975 - Curitiba PR - Sewing in the landscape, manifestation of art in Pedreira do Pilarzinho
1975 - Curitiba PR - Individual, at the Cultural Foundation of Curitiba
1975 - Washington (United States) Gallery of Brazilian Cultural Institute
1976 - São Paulo SP - Man and Landscape, at the Global Gallery
1977 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the multiple art gallery
1977 - Washington (United States) - Individual, Art Gallery of Brazilian Cultural Institute
1978 - Porto Alegre RS - Individual, at the Guignard Gallery
1979 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Itaugaleria
1980 - João Pessoa PB - Exhibition of the object color, at the Contemporary Art Center
1980 - São Paulo SP - Individual, in Itaugaleria
1980 - São Paulo SP - Performance: Fragiles Objects, at the Cooperativa dos Artistas Plásticos de São Paulo
1981 - Porto Alegre RS - Performance: Fragile objects, in the nerve-optical space
1981 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Performance: Fragiles Objects, at Funarte/Inap
1981 - São Paulo SP - Alegres Greetings, at the Art Gallery São Paulo - Best Exhibition of the Year Award - APCA
1982 - Curitiba PR and Rio de Janeiro RJ - Alegres Greetings, at the Cultural Foundation of Curitiba and at MAM/RJ
1983 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Suzanna Gallery Sassoun
1983 - São Paulo SP - Paintings, at Paulo Figueiredo Art Gallery
1984 - Caxias do Sul RS - The Bubble, playful object, at the Faculty of Plastic Arts of the University of Caxias do South
1984 - Fortaleza CE - Individual, at Galeria Dodora
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Linhas, at Galeria Artespaço
1984 - São Paulo SP - Project, reinterpretation, tribute to Waldemar Cordeiro, NA Pinacoteca do Estado
1985 - São Paulo SP - Flat gestures and lines, at the Paulo Figueiredo Gallery
1985 - São Paulo SP - Tables, at the Susana Sasson Gallery
1986 - Presidente Prudente SP - The bubble, at the Secretary of Culture of Presidente Prudente
1986 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Planes, at the Artespaço Gallery
1987 - Jundiaí SP - Linhas e Manchas, at the Municipality of Jundiaí
1987 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Millan Gallery
1991 - João Pessoa PB - Performance, in the inflated triangle
1993 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Ana Cláudia Roso Art Office
1994 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Galeria Ana Cláudia Roso Art Office
2000 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Multiple Art Gallery
2002 - São Paulo SP - The Universal Code of Painting versus the Universal Code of Products, in the São Paulo Art Gallery
2005 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Merian Mauro Gallery
2008 - São Paulo SP - Explosions, at Pinacoteca Station
2008 - São Paulo SP - The OnomatoPaico Space, at Centro Universitário Maria Antonia
Collective exhibitions
1965 - São Paulo SP - 1st University Meeting of Fine Arts - Honorable Mention
1965 - São Paulo SP - Collective, at the Ponto de Encontro
1966 - Campinas SP - 2nd Contemporary Art Salon - Honorable Mention
1966 - São Paulo SP - 2nd University Meeting of Plastic Arts - Honorable Mention
1967 - Brasília DF - 4th Art Salon Modern of the Federal District, at the National Theater Cláudio Santoro - Brasilia National Award
1967 - Campinas SP - 3rd Salão de Arte Contemporânea de Campinas, at MACC - Big Silver Medal
1967 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - New Brazilian Objectivity, in the MAM/RJ
1967 - São Paulo SP - 9th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal - Itamaraty Acquisition Award
1967 - São Paulo SP - Collective, at Rex Gallery & Sounds
1968 - Brasília DF - Federal District Modern Art Salon - Brasília National Award
1968 - Campinas SP - 4th Contemporary Art Salon at MAC - Research Award
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Flags Square, at Praça General Osório
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Brazilian artist and mass iconography, at Esdi
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Inflatable objects, at MAM/RJ
1968 - São Paulo SP - Collective, at Galeria Art-Art
1968 - São Paulo SP - First São Paulo Opinion Fair, at the Ruth Escobar Theater
1969 - Paris (France) - 4th Bienal de Paris - Artist appointed to represent Brazil
1969 - São Paulo SP - 10th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Bienal Foundation - São Paulo City Hall Award
1970 - Belo Horizonte MG - Object and participation, at Palácio das Artes
1971 - São Paulo SP - 11th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Bienal Foundation
1972 - Medelín (Colombia) - 3rd Art Biennial Coltejer
1972 - São Paulo SP - 4th Panorama of Current Art Brazilian, at MAM/SP
1972 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Multiplied Art, at Multipla de Arte
1973 - Cali (Colombia) - 2nd Biennial of Graphic Arts
1973 - São Paulo SP - Collective, at Galeria Astreia
1973 - São Paulo SP - Expo-Projection 73, at Espaço Griffe
1975 - Curitiba PR - Art in the City, at MAC/PR
1975 - Washington (United States) - Collective, at the Art Gallery of Brazilian Cultural Institute
1977 - São Paulo SP - 9th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1977 - Washington (United States) - Collective, at the Art Gallery of Brazilian Cultural Institute
1978 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - 15 young artists from Brazil (1978 : Buenos Aires, Argentina) - Buenos Aires modern art museum (Argentina)
1978 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - 15 young artists from Brazil, at the Museum of Modern Art in Buenos Aires
1978 - São Paulo SP - 15 young artists from Brazil, at MAB/FAAP
1978 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 18th Art and Ecological Thought, at the Euclides da Cunha Library
1978 - São Paulo SP - 1st International Video-Art Meeting of São Paulo, at MIS/SP
1978 - São Paulo SP - The Object in Art: Brazil 60s, at MAB/FAAP
1979 - São Paulo SP - 11th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1979 - São Paulo SP - 15th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Bienal Foundation
1979 - São Paulo SP - Drawing as an instrument, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1979 - São Paulo SP - The multiple in art, at the Multiple Art Gallery
1979 - São Paulo SP - Back to the Figure: 60's, at the Lasar Segall Museum
1979 - São Paulo SP - Xerox, at the Pindorama Gallery
1980 - Belo Horizonte MG - 3rd National Salon of Fine Arts in Belo Horizonte - Intervention Award Urbana for concrete cow
1980 - São Paulo SP - two meters and a page, at the headquarters of the Cooperative of Plastic Artists
1980 - São Paulo SP - Xerografias, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1981 - Guarujá SP - 4 painters, at Hotel Jequitimar
1981 - Guarujá SP - Outdoor sculpture, at the Jequitimar Hotel
1981 - São Paulo - Contemporary artists, at the São Paulo Art Gallery
1981 - São Paulo Paulo SP - 13th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1981 - São Paulo SP - Heliography, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1981 - São Paulo SP - Heliography Show, at the Pinacoteca of the State
1982 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 5th National Salon of Plastic Arts, at MAM/RJ
1982 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Universo do Futebol, at MAM/RJ
1982 - São Paulo SP - Artemicro, at Paço das Artes and at MIS/SP
1983 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 3000 cubic meters, at the Sérgio Porto Cultural Space
1983 - São Paulo SP - Re-reading project, at Pinacoteca do State
1984 - Fortaleza CE - 7th National Salon of Plastic Arts
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 7th National Salon of Plastic Arts, at MAM/SP
1984 - São Paulo SP - Tradition and rupture: synthesis of Brazilian Art and Culture, at the Bienal Foundation
1985 - Brasília DF - Brasilidade e Independência, at the National Theater Cláudio Santoro - Cultural Foundation of Brasília
1985 - São Paulo SP - 16th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, MAM/SP
1985 - São Paulo SP - 18th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1985 - São Paulo SP - Highlights of Brazilian contemporary art, at MAM/SP
1986 - Fortaleza CE - Imagine: the planet salutes the comet, in the art gallery
1986 - Porto Alegre RS - Rubem Knijnik Collection: Brazilian Arts 60/70/80, at Margs
1986 - São Paulo SP - 17th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP - Júlio Bogoricin Award for the work as a whole
1986 - São Paulo SP - The new dimension of the object, at MAC/USP
1986 - São Paulo SP - Six Times: 80 years, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1987 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection, at MAM/RJ
1988 - Beijing (China) - 1st Brazil-China Exhibition, at the Gallery of Fine Arts from China
1988 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st Sculpture Biennial, at EAV/Parque Lage
1988 - São Paulo SP - 19th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1988 - São Paulo SP - 63/66 Figure and object, at the Millan Gallery
1988 - São Paulo SP - MAC 25 years: Acquisitions and recent donations, at MAC/USP
1988 - São Paulo SP - 6th Salão Paulista de Arte Contemporânea
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 200 years of the French Revolution, at Galeria GB
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Collective Caminhos, at Rio Design Center
1989 - São Paulo SP - World Environment Day, Plastic Manifestation, at Praça da Sé
1990 - São Paulo SP - 18 years of Galeria Multiple, in the multiple art gallery
1990 - São Paulo SP - The color in Brazilian art, in the Paço das Artes
1990 - São Paulo SP - Bardi 90: Homage to the 90th anniversary of Professor Maria Bardi, at MASP
1990 - São Paulo SP - The multiple in the view of Baravelli, Marcello Nitsche, Maria Bonomi, Noberto Nicola, Peticov and Vlavianos, at the multiple art gallery
1991 - Curitiba PR - Municipal Museum of Art: Collection, at the Municipal Museum of Art
1991 - São Paulo SP - Color in Brazilian Art. Retrospective, at Paço das Artes
1991 - São Paulo SP - Two periods, in the new Multiple Gallery
1991 - São Paulo SP - End of Year Exhibition, at Galeria Choice
1991 - São Paulo SP - Imaginary Museum, at Casa das Rosas
1992 - São Paulo SP - The Seduction of Volumes: The Three-Dimensionals of MAC, at MAC/USP
1994 - Belo Horizonte MG - The Ephemeral in Brazilian Art: 60's/70's
1994 - Penápolis SP - The ephemeral in Brazilian art: 60s/70s, at the Itaú Cultural Gallery
1994 - São Paulo SP - Bandeiras: 60 artists honor the 60th anniversary of USP, in the MAC/USP
1994 - São Paulo SP - Bienal Brasil Século 20th, at Fundação Bienal
1994 - São Paulo SP - The ephemeral in Brazilian art: 60s/70s, at Itaú Cultural
1995 - São Paulo SP - 1st United Artists, at Casa das Rosas
1996 - Brasília DF - The ephemeral in Brazilian art: 60/70s, at the Itaú Cultural Gallery
1996 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Art: 50 years of history in the MAC/USP collection: 1920-1970, at MAC/USP
1996 - São Paulo SP - Bandeiras, at the SESI Art Gallery
1996 - São Paulo SP - O Mundo de Mario Schenberg, at Casa das Rosas
1997 - São Paulo SP - In addition to the form/in the form's limit, at Casa das Rosas
1997 - São Paulo SP - Computer Support Art, at Casa das Rosas
1997 - São Paulo SP - Four articles, at Skultura Art Gallery
1997 - São Paulo SP - Three-dimensionality in 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Belo Horizonte MG - Three-dimensionality in Brazilian art of the 20th century, at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Brasília DF - Three-dimensionality in Brazilian art of the 20th century, at Galeria Itaú Cultural
1998 - Penápolis SP - Three-dimensionality in Brazilian art of the 20th century, at the Itaú Cultural Gallery
1998 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Modern and the Contemporary in Brazilian Art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection - MAM/RJ, at MAM/RJ
1998 - São Paulo SP - The Modern and the Contemporary in Brazilian Art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection - MAM/RJ, MASP
1998 - São Paulo SP - Contemporary Art, at Sérgio Caribé Art Gallery
1998 - São Paulo SP - 98 Skultura Collection, at Skultura Art Gallery
1999 - São Paulo SP - Daily life/art. Technique, at Itaú Cultural
2000 - São Paulo SP - Pirelli Collection in the MAM collection: Brazilian art in the 60s, at MAM/SP
2000 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian sculpture: from the Pinacoteca to Jardim da Luz, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
2001 - Campinas SP - Displacements of the self: the digital and pre-digital self-portrait in Brazilian art 1976 - 2001, at Itaú Cultural
2001 - Porto Alegre RS - Liba and Rubem Knijnik Collection: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Margs
2001 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Art Museum: 40 years old, at MAB/FAAP
2002 - Fortaleza CE - Ceará rediscovered Brazil, in the center Dragon of the Sea of Art and Culture
2002 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Caminhos do Contemporânea 1952-2002, at Paço Imperial
2002 - São Paulo SP - Inflatables, at Sesc Belenzinho
2002 - São Paulo SP - Map of the Now: Recent Brazilian Art in the João Sattamini Collection of the Museum of Contemporary Art of Niterói, at the Tomie Ohtake Institute
2002 - São Paulo SP - Imaginary Mexico: the look of the Brazilian artist, at Casa das Rosas
2002 - São Paulo SP - Open Opera: Celebration, at Casa das Rosas
2002 - São Paulo SP - Who makes the biennials, at the Multiple Art Gallery
2003 - São Paulo SP - The subversion of media, at Itaú Cultural
2003 - São Paulo SP - Art and Society: a controversial relationship, at Itaú Cultural
2004 - Campinas SP - Metropolis Collection of Contemporary Art, at the CPFL Cultural Space
2004 - São Paulo SP - Bienais, at the Sofitel São Paulo Hotel
2005 - São Paulo SP - Art in Metropolis, at the Tomie Ohtake Institute
2005 - São Paulo SP - Visualities/Techniques, at the Cervantes Institute
2005 - Curitiba PR - Art in Metropolis, at the Oscar Niemeyer Museum
2006 - São Paulo SP - MAM, at OCA
2006 - São Paulo SP - Viva Cultura Viva do Povo Brasileiro, at the Afro-Brazilian Museum
2007 - São Paulo SP - 70's - Art as a question, at the Tomie Ohtake Institute
2008 - São Paulo SP - Art for the Amazon: Art and Attitude, at the Bienal Foundation
2008 - São Paulo SP - MAM 60, at OCA
2008 - São Paulo SP - Panorama dos Panoramas, at MAM
2009 - São Paulo SP - Dois Tempos, at AC Galeria de Arte
Source: Itaú Cultural
