Nazareth Pacheco (São Paulo SP 1961)
Visual artist.
Nazareth Pacheco e Silva studied visual arts at the Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie between 1981 and 1983. She held her first solo exhibition at the Espaço Cultural Júlio Bogoricin, in São Paulo, in 1985. She began her experiments with ready-mades after taking part, in 1986, in a workshop given by Guto Lacaz (1948). She traveled to Paris in 1987 and attended the sculpture studio of the École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts. In 1989, she won the acquisition prize at the 11th Salão Nacional de Artes Plásticas [National Visual Arts Salon] in Rio de Janeiro and took part in the 20th São Paulo International Biennial. Between 1990 and 1991, she took part in workshops with Iole de Freitas (1945), Carmela Gross (1946), José Resende (1945), Amilcar de Castro (1920 - 2002), Nuno Ramos (1960) and Waltercio Caldas (1946). In 2002 she defended her dissertation Objetos Sedutores [Seductive Objects], supervised by Carlos Fajardo (1941), at the Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo - ECA/USP. In 2003, the documentary on her work Gilete Azul [Blue Razor Blade], made by the psychoanalyst Miriam Chnaiderman, was released.
Critical Commentary
From the beginning of her career, Nazareth Pacheco turned to the three-dimensional field. Her first pieces were made of rubber and feature pointed studs of the same material. For art historian Tadeu Chiarelli, they already reveal a charge of aggressiveness because of their resemblance to instruments of torture.
In 1992 and 1993, the artist made the Objetos Aprisionados [Imprisoned Objects], a series of boxes containing objects and documents of an autobiographical nature, some relating to medical and cosmetic treatments she had undergone, bringing together photos, X-rays, reports, vials and lead. According to the scholar Elizabeth Leone, in the following years her reflection went beyond the personal issue and began to consider the female body as a site of medical practices aimed at adapting it to "aesthetic improvements".
In the late 1990s, the artist began adding metals, such as strips of steel, copper and brass, to her rubber works. She started making pieces with objects that cannot be touched, combining beads or glass crystals with needles, scalpel or razor blades and fishhooks, creating ornaments and garments with them. She also began research with a new material, clear acrylic, designing objects such as benches or cribs, to which she adds cutting or piercing instruments.
Critiques
"Nazareth Pacheco's production corresponds to a process of individualization: assimilating her own issues, related to operations she had undergone to make cosmetic corrections due to congenital malformations. It is not hard to imagine that, from this autobiographical reflection, the questioning extended to a sociological dimension: the manipulation of the body, of women's bodies in particular, in contemporary society. (...) Ornaments for the body are, in principle, symbols of cultural identity that refer to the practices and customs of the festive calendar. Since Nazareth's necklaces are not recommended for the integrity of the body, the biological data of their subject impose themselves on the interpretation. In this gesture we perceive an essential mark for studying contemporary artistic identity: the dissolution of boundaries between inner experiences and collective rituals, between nature and culture.1 Nazareth Pacheco's work transcends mere confession by touching on anthropological analysis. Her need to archive a personal trajectory came to incorporate a double meaning. To archive: 1. to memorize events; 2. to suspend the inquiry into the present. We know that archives have the power to preserve historical documents, but 'to archive' is also to withdraw from circulation. Presented in a museological way, unified and 'classified' within the asepsis provided by small acrylic boxes, such adornments seem like vestiges of a distant culture. The display cases serve to domesticate the contact between our gaze and the work, projecting it onto a community that would have belonged to a remote history, of unknown and consequently irrational latitudes. After all, how can we understand the logic of pain within adornment?"
Notes
1. "... the ethical and aesthetic foundations, with repercussions today, draw on recent history from Eva Hesse to Doris Salcedo. In this sense, the recovery of autobiography and the opening of archives occupy a central place: from Leonilson's embroidered 'diaries' to the political work of Rosângela Rennó... '.
Lisette Lagnado, 'Em busca da identidade da Geração 90' [In Search of the Identity of the 90s Generation], in ARCO'97, information bulletin of the Feria Internacional de Arte Contemporáneo, Madrid, December 1996, pp. 4-9".
Lisette Lagnado
PACHECO, Nazareth. Joias. Texto Lisette Lagnado e outros. São Paulo: Fundação Bienal, 1998, p. 4-5.
Solo Exhibitions
1985 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Espaço Cultural Júlio Bogoricin
1988 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at AB. OHM Galeria de Arte
1989 - Belo Horizonte MG - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1989 - Ribeirão Preto SP - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1989 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1990 - Brasília DF - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1990 - Goiânia GO - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1990 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at CCSP
1990 - Vitória ES - Solo, at Itaugaleria
1991 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Ibac
1993 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Gabinete de Arte Raquel Arnaud
1997 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Valu Oria Galeria de Arte
1999 - Berlin (Germany) - Solo, at ICBRA
1999 - Brussels (Belgium) - Solo, at Maison du Brésil
2000 - Porto (Portugal) - Solo, at Galeria Canvas
2000 - Uberlândia MG - Solo, at MUnA
2002 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Ceuma
2003 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Mercedes Viegas Escritório de Arte
2003 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Espaço de Artes Unicid
2003 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Brito Cimino
2004 - São Carlos SP - Entre o Tato e a Visão [Between Touch and Sight], at Sesc/São Carlos
2005 - Belo Horizonte MG - Solo, at Galeria Murilo de Castro
Group Exhibitions
1988 - Ribeirão Preto SP - Salão de Arte de Ribeirão Preto [Ribeirão Preto Art Salon], at Casa da Cultura de Ribeirão Preto
1988 - São Paulo SP - 19º Panorama de Arte Atual Brasileira [19th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art], at MAM/SP
1988 - São Paulo SP - 6º Salão Paulista de Arte Contemporânea [6th São Paulo Contemporary Art Salon]
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Salão Nacional [National Salon] - Funarte - acquisition prize
1989 - São Paulo SP - 20th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1990 - Ribeirão Preto SP - Salão de Arte de Ribeirão Preto [Ribeirão Preto Art Salon] - acquisition prize
1990 - São Paulo SP - Programa Anual de Exposições de Artes Plásticas [Annual Visual Arts Exhibition Program], at CCSP
1991 - Curitiba PR - Salão Paranaense [Paraná Salon], at MAC/PR
1991 - São Paulo SP - 22º Panorama de Arte Atual Brasileira [22nd Panorama of Current Brazilian Art], at MAM/SP
1994 - São Paulo SP - A Foto Contaminada [The Contaminated Photo], at CCSP
1994 - São Paulo SP - Espelhos e Sombras [Mirrors and Shadows], at MAM/SP
1995 - Curitiba PR - O Objeto Gravado [The Engraved Object], at Museu da Gravura
1995 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Espelhos e Sombras [Mirrors and Shadows], at CCBB
1996 - Belo Horizonte MG - Coletiva [Group Show], at Cemig Espaço Cultural Galeria de Arte
1996 - São Paulo SP - O Único, o Mesmo, o A-Fundamento [The Only, the Same, the Un-Foundation], at Valu Oria Galeria de Arte
1997 - Madrid (Spain) - Arco 97
1997 - Ouro Preto MG - Experiências e Perspectivas: 12 visões contemporâneas [Experiences and Perspectives: 12 Contemporary Visions], at Museu Casa dos Contos
1997 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Novas Aquisições [New Acquisitions], at MAM/RJ
1997 - Salvador BA - 4º Salão MAM-Bahia [4th MAM-Bahia Salon], at MAM/BA
1997 - São Paulo SP - 25º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [25th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at MAM/SP - Embratel Grand Prize
1997 - São Paulo SP - Intervalos [Intervals], at Paço das Artes
1998 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Feminino/Plural [Feminine/Plural], at Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
1998 - Campinas SP - A Gravura como Escultura [Printmaking as Sculpture], at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Campinas SP - Medidas de Si [Measures of Oneself], at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Madrid (Spain) - Arco 98
1998 - Maracaibo (Venezuela) - 3ª Bienal Barro de América [3rd Clay of America Biennial], at Centro de Arte de Maracaibo Lía Bermúdez
1998 - São Paulo SP - 3ª Bienal Barro de América [3rd Clay of America Biennial], at MuBE
1998 - Niterói RJ - Espelho da Bienal [Mirror of the Biennial], at MAC/Niterói
1998 - Niterói RJ - 25º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [25th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at MAC/Niterói
1998 - Penápolis SP - A Gravura como Escultura [Printmaking as Sculpture], at Galeria Itaú Cultural
1998 - Recife PE - 25º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [25th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at Mamam
1998 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Anos 90 [The 1990s], at MAM/SP
1998 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Arte Brasileira no Acervo do MAM/SP: doações recentes 1996/1998 [Brazilian Art in the MAM/SP Collection: Recent Donations 1996/1998], at CCBB
1998 - Salvador BA - 25º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [25th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at MAM/BA
1998 - São Paulo SP - 24th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1998 - São Paulo SP - A Gravura como Escultura [Printmaking as Sculpture], at MAM/SP
1998 - São Paulo SP - Arte de Expor Arte [The Art of Exhibiting Art], at MAM/SP
1998 - São Paulo SP - Faltas [Lacks], at Valu Oria Galeria de Arte
1998 - São Paulo SP - Medidas de Si [Measures of Oneself], at MAM/SP
1998 - São Paulo SP - Múltiplos [Multiples], at Valu Oria Galeria de Arte
1999 - Curitiba PR - Inventário do Presente [Inventory of the Present], at Galeria Casa da Imagem
1999 - Geneva (Switzerland) - Sweet and Sour, at Art & Public
1999 - Madrid (Spain) - A Vueltas con los Sentidos [Turning Around the Senses], at Casa de América
1999 - Paris (France) - Feira Internacional de Arte Contemporânea [International Contemporary Art Fair]
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Cotidiano/Arte: Objeto Anos 60/90 [Everyday Life/Art: Object 1960s/90s], at MAM/RJ
1999 - São Paulo SP - Acima do Bem e do Mal [Beyond Good and Evil], at Paço das Artes
1999 - São Paulo SP - Cotidiano/Arte. Objeto Anos 60/90 [Everyday Life/Art. Object 1960s/90s], at Itaú Cultural
1999 - São Paulo SP - Noturnos [Nocturnes], at MAM/SP
1999 - São Paulo SP - 26º Panorama da Arte Brasileira [26th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at MAM/SP
1999 - São Paulo SP - Parallèle, at Galeria Brito Cimino
1999 - São Paulo SP - Transcendência [Transcendence], at Casa das Rosas
2000 - Curitiba PR - 12ª Mostra da Gravura de Curitiba [12th Curitiba Printmaking Show]
2000 - Fortaleza CE - 26º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [26th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at Centro Dragão do Mar de Arte e Cultura
2000 - Madrid (Spain) - Arco 00
2000 - Niterói RJ - 26º Panorama de Arte Brasileira [26th Panorama of Brazilian Art], at MAC/Niterói
2000 - Rouillé (France) - Messagers de la Terre [Messengers of the Earth], at Rur'Art Cript Poitou-Charentes
2000 - São Paulo SP - Ars Erótica: sexo e erotismo na arte brasileira [Ars Erotica: Sex and Eroticism in Brazilian Art], at MAM/SP
2000 - São Paulo SP - Entre a Arte e o Design: Acervo do MAM [Between Art and Design: MAM Collection], at MAM/SP
2000 - São Paulo SP - III, at Galeria Brito Cimino
2000 - Valencia (Spain) - Mujeres de las Orillas São Paulo/Valência [Women of the Shores São Paulo/Valencia], at Centre Valencia de Cultura Mediterránia
2001 - Campinas SP - Deslocamentos do Eu: o autorretrato digital e pré-digital na arte brasileira 1976-2001 [Displacements of the Self: The Digital and Pre-Digital Self-Portrait in Brazilian Art 1976-2001], at Itaú Cultural
2001 - New York (United States) - The Thread Unraveled: contemporary brazilian art, at El Museo del Barrio
2001 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Espelho Cego: seleções de uma coleção contemporânea [Blind Mirror: Selections from a Contemporary Collection], at Paço Imperial
2001 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - O Espírito de Nossa Época [The Spirit of Our Time], at MAM/RJ
2001 - São Paulo SP - Espelho Cego: seleções de uma coleção contemporânea [Blind Mirror: Selections from a Contemporary Collection], at MAM/SP
2001 - São Paulo SP - O Espírito de Nossa Época [The Spirit of Our Time], at MAM/SP
2001 - São Paulo SP - Trajetória da Luz na Arte Brasileira [Trajectory of Light in Brazilian Art], at Itaú Cultural
2001 - Washington (United States) - Virgin Territory: women, gender, and history in contemporary brazilian art, at National Museum of Women in the Arts
2002 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - The Thread Unraveled: contemporary brazilian art, at Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires
2002 - Niterói RJ - Diálogo, Antagonismo e Replicação na Coleção Sattamini [Dialogue, Antagonism and Replication in the Sattamini Collection], at MAC/Niterói
2002 - São Paulo SP - Mapa do Agora: arte brasileira recente na Coleção João Sattamini do Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Niterói [Map of Now: Recent Brazilian Art in the João Sattamini Collection of the Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Niterói], at Instituto Tomie Ohtake
2002 - São Paulo SP - Paralela, at galpão da Avenida Matarazzo 530
2003 - Niterói RJ - Apropriações: Curto-Circuito de Experiências Participativas [Appropriations: Short Circuit of Participatory Experiences], at MAC/Niterói
2003 - São Paulo SP - A Arte Atrás da Arte: onde ficam e como viajam as obras de arte [The Art Behind Art: Where Artworks Are Kept and How They Travel], at MAM/SP
2003 - São Paulo SP - Meus Amigos [My Friends], at MAM/SP
2004 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 30 Artistas [30 Artists], at Mercedes Viegas Escritório de Arte
2004 - São Paulo SP - Arte Contemporânea no Acervo Municipal [Contemporary Art in the Municipal Collection], at CCSP
2004 - São Paulo SP - O Preço da Sedução: do espartilho ao silicone [The Price of Seduction: From Corset to Silicone], at Itaú Cultural
2004 - São Paulo SP - Plataforma São Paulo. 450 anos [São Paulo Platform. 450 Years], at Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo - MAC/USP
2004 - São Paulo SP - Coletiva [Group Show], at Casa Triângulo
2004 - São Paulo SP - Paralela 2004
2005 - São Paulo SP - O Corpo na Arte Contemporânea Brasileira [The Body in Contemporary Brazilian Art], at Itaú Cultural
2005 - Belo Horizonte MG - Coletiva de Acervo 2005 [Collection Group Show 2005], at Galeria Murilo Castro
2005 - São Paulo SP - Dor, Forma, Beleza [Pain, Form, Beauty], at Estação Pinacoteca
2006 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Art Show, at Pavilhão Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho
2006 - São Paulo SP - Manobras Radicais [Radical Maneuvers], at Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil - CCBB
2006 - Berlin (Germany) - Copa da Cultura [Culture Cup], St. Elisabeth Kirche, at Haus der Kulturen der Welt
Source: Itaú Cultural
