Marcelo Grassmann (São Simão 1925 - São Paulo 2013)
Marcelo Grassmann was an important recorder, designer, illustrator and Brazilian professor, whose work is marked by the refined technique and for his involvement with the engraving and the drawing. Born in São Simão, São Paulo, he began his artistic training at the Escola Profissional Men's do Brás, where he studied foundry, mechanics and carving in wood between 1939 and 1942. From 1943 onwards, Grassmann began to dedicate himself to woodcut, a technique that would become one of the most striking characteristics of his work.
His career as an illustrator began in the literary supplement of the Diário de São Paulo between 1947 and 1948, and, later, he also contributed with illustrations to the O Estado de S. Paulo newspaper. From 1949 onwards, Grassmann moved to Rio de Janeiro, where he continued his work as an illustrator, now to the newspaper of the State of Guanabara. During this period, he deepened his studies at the Lyceum of Arts and Crafts, where he dedicated himself to metal engraving with Henrique Oswald and lithography with Poty.
In 1952, Grassmann moved to Salvador, where he had the opportunity to work with the renowned sculptor Mário Cravo Júnior. Its international trajectory was consolidated in 1953, when it was awarded a trip abroad by the National Salon of Modern Art (SNAM). He went to study at the Academy of Applied Arts in Vienna, further expanding his knowledge in drawing, lithography and metal engraving techniques. Throughout his career, Grassmann gained recognition and his work was acquired by the Government of the State of São Paulo in 1969, integrating the collection of the Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo (PESP).
In 1978, the house where he was born in São Paulo. Simão was transformed into a museum, a tribute to his artistic and cultural contribution, being listed by CONDEPHAAT (Council for the Defense of Historical, Artistic, Archaeological and Tourist Heritage of the State of São Paulo). Between 1991 and 1992, Grassmann was a fellow at the Vitae Foundation, which helped to further consolidate its relevance in the São Paulo and national artistic scene. His work reflects a strong connection with the traditional techniques of engraving, while bringing an innovative and deeply Brazilian perspective.
Critical Comment
At the beginning of his career, the contact with the work of Oswaldo Goeldi is highlighted. (1895 - 1961) and also with that of Lívio Abramo (1903 - 1992). In the first woodcuts, arabesques and dots are present obtained through top wood. In 1949, he made the series Night Knights, with military figures in black, cut out on a white background. Subsequently, the presence of fantastic figures appears in its theme, such as mermaids, harpies (fabulous monsters with a woman's face and a bird's body), small demons, horses, fish, human beings and in part animals, related to a magical universe. He starts to use lithogravure, in which his design proves to be more fluent.
For the criticism Aracy Amaral, after a work of character more linked to expressionism, at the beginning of his career, Grassmann began to explore the mythical and fantastic universe. The artist often resorts to motifs linked to the medieval and Renaissance imagination. Throughout his career, he is interested in art history and mythology. As the artist points out, his work has as references the beings created by the painter Hieronymus Bosch (ca.1450 - 1516) and the work of Alfred Kubin (1877 - 1959), with whom he has contact on the occasion of his stay. in Vienna.
The artist combines an extremely rich graphic symbology with a very personal and refined technique. For Lívio Abramo "between the artist's complex inner world and plastic accomplishment, the path is short: complicated arabesques, strange symbiosis of human beings and animals, metamorphoses revealing desires and anguish, poetic sense and great formal freedom...". One of the most respected Brazilian engravers, Marcelo Grassmann, reveals himself to be a deep connoisseur of the graphic means and techniques.
Criticism
"Marcelo Grassmann found, from an early age, in drawing and engraving the means of language capable of It is better to define it, also discovering, at first, within the limits of German expressionism, the family source of his own way of seeing and reflecting the world. Throughout the evolution of his work, which is included today among the most prominent in the Brazilian panorama, one can observe the progressive overcoming of the influence Expressionist initial for a warm entry into the Fantastic area, plunged into affinities ranging from Bosch and Brueghel until, in our century, the Austrian Alfred Kubin.
Emerging of a certain atmosphere of lyrical medievalism or Renaissance fantasy in knights, ladies and maidens ready for war, amazement, silence and love. Grassmann was gradually populated by new figures tensely reassured in the mixture of contrasts between the light and the dark, between light and darkness, between good and evil, between the truce and the combat."
Roberto Punctual
PONTUAL, Roberto. Marcelo Grassmann. In: GRASSMANN, Marcelo. The Magical World of Marcelo Grassmann: 70 years. São Paulo: Arte Applied Gallery, 1995. p. 48.
"Grassmann's fascination is actually born of different qualities. For example, from its unmistakable iconographic universe, always associated with the Middle Ages: warriors, knights, mounts, streamers and helmets; ladies of sweetness, probably only apparent, which are associated with elves or monsters; and an extensive imaginary bestiary, which at other times became frightening. One can try to explain this Grassmann universe as a kind of unconscious memory or Atavism of a German descendant. But this explanation, in addition to being an artificial environment, is unnecessary. What really matters is that Grassmann belongs to a spiritual family of artists who have always existed at different moments in history and have always given expression to the 'dark side' and Mystery of the human soul.
And, in fact, this side and this iconography are even high in the present day. The crisis of contemporary man, his anguish and uncertainty, is projected and recognized in these indecisive mists".
Olívio Tavares de Araújo
ARAÚJO, Olívio Tavares. Marcelo Grassmann. In: GRASSMANN, Marcelo. Marcelo Grassmann. Curitiba: Alfredo Andersen Museum, 1999. [Text originally published in IstoÉ magazine, 18 sep. 1995, p.51].
Testimonies
"I think my work as an illustrator was very important. First, due to the imposition of the text, it was not what I wanted, but what was given to me. It's hard for you to get wonderful writers, but when you're going to translate it into illustration, it doesn't give you anything. A Drummond, I keep sweating on top of his text, reading, rereading, reading, rereading, it's poetic, it's something that ends there. Adding what? It's almost impossible Some writers are great to illustrate, they're full of images, it doesn't matter that they are the same as we design, at least they suggest a lot. Rethinking, it is a material that suffers from fatigue. An elaborate metal engraving can become bright, seeming to be executed directly and a very elaborate lithography gets tired. The kitchen of the metal engraving is very complicated and is much more fascinating than the kitchen of the lithography. (...)
The accident is part of the creative process. When taking a pencil to draw on paper, the paper, even if it had a manufacturing control, would be subject to different humidity and there would be variations. The accident in the work of art is the most part and your head will control the rest. (...)
Usually I face a plate with the will to make a certain idea, the idea can already preexist, as a very rude form of what will become, but it will suffer a whole metamorphosis of language, the language of metal, or even the lithography. Each of these languages, even if it starts from an image that has already been studied, even gains a whole other content at a time when it is transferred from one graphical language to another. Even once recorded, the plate also suffers, it is brutalized, it is a back-and-forth. Sometimes I move on to other things within what was already ready, I end up getting back to the starting point, that's what's fascinating. I would say that this is the fascination of metal engraving. I always thought that the great moment of the creation of metal engraving is the one in which you say: 'This plate is lost!'. Because then you say, 'What can I do?' It's something like a challenge. Of course, if you take a virgin plate, it's much simpler to re-elaborate everything, but it would already be another approach. The challenge, exactly, is not to recover a plate, but how to make a failure become a work of art. [...]
When I am asked why I settle more in a certain period than in another, it is very curious, because, although formally the Renaissance has given me much more than the average age, the average age was more loaded with inner things, in my view, than the Renaissance, which already started with a formalist concern, of style, way, of how to face things, more than what things to be faced with. The Flemishes loved to make hell, because in hell there was the proposal of millions of fantasies. Bosch, for example, goes to all that madness of figures inside armor, half fish, half people, half comic and, deep down, I suffered very important influences from him. Bosch's world is full of diabolisms, fantasies, things that are not everyone's. China, on the other hand, gave me two things: a dragon and a few devils. The Etruscans gave me little, the Egyptians gave me much more, with their religious zoomorfias".
Marcelo Grassmann to the Pinacoteca team of the state of São Paulo
GRASSMANN, Marcelo. Excerpts from Marcelo Grassmann's interview with the Pinacoteca do Estado team on 22. 08. 84. In: ___. Marcelo Grassmann: 40 years of engraving. São Paulo: Pinacoteca do Estado, 1984. P. 19-21
Individual exhibitions
1946 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - First Individual
1950 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - individual, at Enba
1952 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, at MEC
1955 - Vienna (Austria) - Individual, at the Würthle Gallery
1957 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Individual, at the Viscontea Gallery
1959 - Dallas (United States) - Individual, at the Museum of Fine Arts
1959 - Washington (United States) - Individual, at the Pan American Union Gallery
1960 - Milan (Italy) - Individual, at Centro Culturale San Fedele
1960 - Montevideo (Uruguay) - Individual, at the Uruguayo-Brasileño Institute of Culture
1960 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Galeria São Luís
1960 - Washington (United States) - Individual, at the Pan American Union Gallery
1962 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, at Petite Galerie
1963 - Milan (Italy) Sthendal
1963 - São Paulo SP - Individual, in the Arrow Art Gallery
1964 - Algiers (Algeria) - Individual, at Salle Ibn Khaldoun
1964 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Individual, at Galeria Lascaux
1964 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, at Petite Galerie
1964 - Washington (United States) - Individual, at Brazilian-American Cultural Institute
1965 - Mexico City (Mexico) - Individual, at the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
1966 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Galeria 4 Planetas
1966 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the gallery Cosme Velho
1967 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, at Galeria Santa Rosa
1968 - Paris (France) - Marcelo Grassmann, at Galerie Debret
1969 - Mexico City (Mexico) - individual, at the Merk-Cup Gallery
1969 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: 25 years of engraving, at MAM/SP
1970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Marcelo Grassmann: 25 years of Engraving, at MAM/RJ
1970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Marcelo Grassmann: Retrospective, at MAM/SP
1971 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, currently art gallery Oscar Seraphico
1972 - Rome (Italy) - Individual, at Galeria d'Arte Casa do Brasil
1973 - Barcelona (Spain) - Individual, at Galeria Camarotes Granados
1973 - Brasília DF - Individual, at Oscar Seraphico Galeria of Art
1974 - Asunción (Paraguay) - Individual, in the Brazilian Cultural Mission Gallery
1974 - New Delhi (India) - Individual, at the Chankiya Gallery
1975 - Ankara (Turkey) - Individual, at the Institute of French Studies
1975 - Santos SP - Individual, at CCBEU
1976 - Brasília DF - Individual, at Oscar Seraphico Art Gallery
1976 - São José do Rio Pardo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: engravings
1976 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Engravings, at Galeria Cosme Velho
1976 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Engravings, at Pinacoteca do Estado
1976 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Folha da Manhã Ltda
1977 - Belo Horizonte MG - Individual, at Escola Guignard
1977 - Curitiba PR - Individual, at the Guido Viaro Museum
1977 - Porto Alegre RS - Individual, at the Art Workshop
1978 - Olinda PE - Individual, at the Museum of Sacred Art
1978 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Drawings, at the Grifo Art Gallery
1980 - Porto Alegre RS - individual, at Galeria Guignard
1981 - Curitiba PR - Individual, at the Cultural Foundation of Curitiba
1982 - Brasília DF - Individual, at the Central Bank of Brazil
1982 - Porto Alegre RS - Individual, at the Porto Art Scholarship Alegre
1982 - Ribeirão Preto SP - Individual, at Galeria Jardim Contemporânea
1983 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, in reality Art Gallery
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, in reality Art Gallery
1984 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the São Paulo Public Ministry Association
1984 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: 40 years of engraving, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1984 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Drawings, at the Art Gallery italics
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Individual, in reality Art Gallery
1986 - Porto Alegre RS - Individual, at the Kraft Art Office
1988 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Drawings, at Montesanti Roesler Gallery
1989 - Paris (France) - Individual, at the Musée d'Art Modérne et Contemporain
1990 - Curitiba PR - Individual, at Simões de Assis Art Gallery
1990 - Curitiba PR - Marcelo Grassmann: unpublished drawings and engravings, at the Cultural Foundation of Curitiba
1990 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: the artist's space when young, in the Paço das Artes
1991 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at the Steiner Gallery
1992 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: prints and drawings, at the Banespa Museum
1995 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: 70 years old, MASP
1995 - São Paulo SP - The Magical World of Marcelo Grassmann: 70 years of the artist, in Applied Art I - Gallery
1996 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann: Recorder: 1944/1954, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1999 - Curitiba PR - Marcelo Grassmann: Artist of the Month, at the Alfredo Andersen Museum
2000 - Porto Alegre RS - Individual, at the Art Garage
2002 - São Paulo SP - Emanations of the Unconscious, at Nóbrega Antiquário and Art Gallery
2002 - São Paulo SP - Individual, at Espaço Augusta 664
Collective exhibitions
1946 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Four brand new ones, at IAB/RJ
1946 - Valparaíso (Chile) - Exhibition of Contemporary Brazilian Painting, at the Institute for the Extension of Plastic Arts
1947 - São Paulo SP - 19 painters, at the Prestes Gallery Maia
1947 - São Paulo SP - Watercolors and gouaches, at the Mário de Andrade Municipal Library
1950 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 56th Fine Arts National Salon, at the MNBA - Silver Medal
1950 - Venice (Italy) - 25th Venice Biennale
1951 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 57th National Salon of Modern Art, at the MNBA - Gold Medal
1951 - São Paulo SP - 1st São Paulo International Biennial, at the Trianon Pavilion - Acquisition Award
1951 - São Paulo SP - 1st São Paulo Fine Arts Hall - Exterior Travel Award
1952 - Feira de Santana BA - 1st Exhibition of Modern Art de Feira de Santana, at Banco Econômico
1952 - Paris (France) - 38th Salon of May
1952 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st National Salon of Modern Art, at ENBA - Travel abroad Award
1952 - Santiago (Chile) - Painting, drawing and engraving of contemporary Brazil
1952 - São Paulo SP - 2nd Salão Paulista de Arte Moderna, at the Prestes Maia Gallery
1953 - São Paulo SP - 2nd International Biennial of São Paulo, in the State Pavilion
1954 - Bern (Switzerland) - Gravure Brésilianne, at Kunstmuseum
1954 - Goiânia GO - Exhibition of the National Congress of Intellectuals
1954 - São Paulo SP - Contemporary Art: Exhibition of the collection of the Museum of Modern Art of São Paulo, at MAM/SP
1955 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 4th Salon of National Modern Art
1955 - São Paulo SP - 3rd International Biennial of São Paulo, at the Pavilion of Nations - Best National Recorder
1955 - Vienna (Austria) - Marcelo Grassmann and Max Ernst, at the Würthle Gallery
1956 - Geneva (Switzerland) - International Exhibition of Wood engravers
1956 - Venice (Italy) - 28th Venice Biennale
1956 - Zurich (Switzerland) - 2nd Xylon
1957 - Montevideo (Uruguay) - Grabados Brasileños, at the Uruguayo-Brasileño Cultural Institute
1957 - São Paulo SP - 4th International Biennial of São Paulo, at the Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho pavilion - Best Designer National
1957 - São Paulo SP - 6th Salão Paulista de Arte Moderna, at the Prestes Maia Gallery - great gold medal and state governor award
1958 - São Paulo SP - 47 artists, at the Folhas Art Gallery
1958 - São Paulo SP - 7th Salão Paulista de Arte Moderna, at the Prestes Maia Gallery
1958 - São Paulo SP - 23rd São Paulo Salon of Fine Arts
1958 - Venice (Italy) - 29th Venice Biennale - Prize of Sacred Art
1959 - Leverkusen (Germany) - First collective exhibition of Brazilian artists in Europe
1959 - Munich (Germany) - First collective exhibition of Brazilian artists in Europe, at Kunsthaus
1959 - Paris (France) - 1st Bienal de Paris - Drawing Award
1959 - Paris (France) - 1st Youth Biennial
1959 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 30 years of Brazilian art, Macunaíma Gallery
1959 - São Paulo SP - 5th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho Pavilion - National Grand Prix in Drawing
1959 - Vienna (Austria) Brazilians in Europe
1960 - Hamburg (Germany) - First collective exhibition of Brazilian artists in Europe
1960 - Jerusalem (Israel) - 12 Brazilian artists at the Bezalel Museum Jerusalen
1960 - Lisbon (Portugal) - First collective exhibition of Brazilian artists in Europe
1960 - Madrid (Spain) - First collective exhibition by Brazilian artists in Europe
1960 - Paris (France) - First collective exhibition by Brazilian artists Europe
1960 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Oswaldo Goeldi and Marcelo Grassmann, at the Bonino Gallery
1960 - São Paulo SP - Leirner Collection, at the Folhas Art Gallery
1960 - Utrecht (Holland) - First collective exhibition of Brazilian artists in Europe
1961 - São Paulo SP - 6th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho Pavilion
1961 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann and Francisco Stockinger, at Galeria São Luís
1961 - Tokyo (Japan) - 6th Tokyo Biennial
1962 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Marcelo Grassmann and Francisco Stockinger, at Petite Galerie
1962 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann, Eduardo Sued, Oswaldo Goeldi and Darel, at Galeria Residencia
1962 - São Paulo SP - Selection of Brazilian works of art from the Ernesto Wolf collection, MAM/SP
1962 - Venice (Italy) - 31st Venice Biennale
1963 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st Art Salon of Jornal do Brasil, at MAM/RJ
1963 - São Paulo SP - Marcelo Grassmann and Darel, at Arrow Art Gallery
1964 - Ribeirão Preto SP - 1st Exhibition of the Young National Engraving
1964 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Nu in Contemporary Art, at the IBEU Gallery Copacabana
1964 - São Paulo SP - 1st Exhibition of the Young National Engraving, at MAC/USP
1965 - Belo Horizonte MG - 1st Exhibition of the Young National Engraving, at MAP
1965 - Curitiba PR - 1st Exhibition of Young National Engraving, at the State Department of Education
1965 - Vienna (Austria) - Current Brazilian Art
1965 - Bonn (Germany) - Current Brazilian Art
1965 - London (United Kingdom) - Brazilian Art Today, at the Royal Academy of Arts
1966 - Belo Horizonte MG - 21st Salon of Fine Arts of the City of Belo Horizonte, at MAP
1966 - Philadelphia (States) United States) - Contemporary Brazilian tape recorders at Cornell University
1966 - Ribeirão Preto SP - 40 national and foreign prints from the MAC collection, at the School of Plastic Arts in Ribeirão Preto
1966 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Self-portraits, at the Ibeu Copacabana Gallery
1966 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The artist and the machine, at MAM/RJ
1966 - Salvador BA - 1st National Biennial of Fine Arts
1966 - São Paulo SP - 2nd Exhibition of the Young National Engraving, at MAC/USP
1966 - São Paulo SP - 40 national and foreign engravings of the MAC collection, at MAC/USP
1966 - São Paulo SP - O Artist e a Máquina, at MASP
1967 - São Paulo SP - 9th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal - Acquisition Award
1968 - Piracicaba SP - 40 Engravings: National and foreign ESALQ
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 6th Art Salon of Jornal do Brasil, at MAM/RJ
1968 - São Paulo SP - 19 painters, at the theme Art Gallery
1969 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 18th National Salon of Modern Art
1969 - São Paulo SP - 10th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Bienal Foundation
1969 - São Paulo SP - 1st Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, in the MAM/SP
1969 - São Paulo SP - 25 years of engraving, at MAM/SP
1970 - Olinda PE - 40 national and foreign engravings from the MAC collection, at MAC/OLINDA
1970 - Penápolis SP - 40 national and foreign engravings of the MAC collection
1970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 25 years of engraving, at MAM/RJ
1971 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 9th JB Art Summary, at MAM/RJ
1971 - São Paulo SP - 3rd Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1972 - Florence (Italy) - 3rd Biennalle Internazionale della Gráfica d'Arte, at Palácio Strozzi - Gold Medal
1972 - São Paulo SP - 2nd International Engraving Exhibition, at MAM/SP
1972 - São Paulo SP - Arte/Brazil/Today: 50 years later, at the Collectio Gallery
1973 - Belo Horizonte MG - 1st Global Winter Hall, at Palácio das Artes
1973 - Blumenau SC - 6th Collective of Plastic Arts Belly-Green
1974 - Madrid (Spain) - Graphic Art Today, in the General Directorate of Fine Arts
1974 - New York (United States) - Latin American prints of the Museum of Modern Art, at The Center for Inter-American Relations
1974 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Goeldi-Grassmann-Messias, at the Rio de Janeiro Art Scholarship
1974 - São Paulo SP - José Luiz Cuevas and Marcelo Grassmann, at the Multiple Art Gallery
1975 - Alabama (United States) - Alabama Art Festival - Special Room
1975 - Brussels (Belgium) - Four Brazilian engravers
1975 - Penápolis SP - 1st Northwest Plastic Arts Hall, at the Educational Foundation from Penapolis. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1975 - Porto Alegre RS - Collective, at the Sharp Gallery
1976 - Penápolis SP - 2nd Northwest Plastic Arts Salon, at the Penápolis Educational Foundation. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1976 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian engraving
1976 - São Paulo SP - The young design of the 40s, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1977 - Belo Horizon MG - 5th Global Winter Salon, at the Palácio das Artes Foundation
1977 - Brasília DF - 5th Global Winter Hall, at the Cultural Foundation of the Federal District
1977 - Milan (Italy) - Brazilian engraving and sculpture Rizzoli
1977 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 5th Global Winter Hall, at MNBA
1977 - São Paulo SP - 5th Global Winter Hall, at Masp
1977 - São Paulo SP - Aspects of Metal engraving, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1977 - São Paulo SP - The groups: The 40's, at the Lasar Segall Museum
1977 - São Paulo SP - 5th Global Winter Hall, at MASP
1978 - Curitiba PR - 1st Annual Engraving Exhibition City of Curitiba, at the Creativity Center
1978 - Penápolis SP - 3rd Northwest Plastic Arts Hall, at the Penápolis Educational Foundation. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1978 - São Paulo SP - 19 painters, at MAM/SP
1978 - São Paulo SP - Art and its processes: paper as a support, in the Pinacoteca do Estado
1978 - São Paulo SP - Aspects of lithography in the Pinacoteca collection, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1979 - São Bernardo do Campo SP - The biggest Brazilian recorders, at the Paço Municipal
1979 - São Paulo SP - 15th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1980 - Curitiba PR - 2nd Brazilian Drawing Exhibition, at the Guaíra Theater
1980 - Penápolis SP - 4th Salon of Plastic Arts of the Northwest, at the Educational Foundation of Penápolis. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1980 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Homage to Mário Pedrosa, at the Jean Boghici Gallery
1981 - Belo Horizonte MG - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at Palácio das Artes
1981 - Brasília DF - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at the ECT Art Gallery
1981 - Curitiba PR - Hilton Engraving Highlights, at Casa da Engraving Solar do Barão
1981 - Florianópolis SC - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at Masc
1981 - Porto Alegre RS - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at Margs
1981 - Recife PE - Hilton Highlights of Engraving MAM/PE
1981 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at MAM/RJ
1981 - Salvador BA - Hilton Highlights of Engraving, at the Castro Alves Theater
1981 - São Paulo SP - Highlights Hilton of engraving, at MAM/SP
1982 - Belo Horizonte MG - Collective, at Palácio das Artes
1982 - Penápolis SP - 5th Northwest Plastic Arts Hall, at the Educational Foundation of Penapolis. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1982 - São Paulo SP - From Modernism to Bienal, at MAM/SP
1982 - São Paulo SP - Six Brazilian Expressionist Recorders: Segall, Goeldi, Abramo, Renina, Poty, Grassmann, at the Lasar Segall Museum
1983 - Olinda PE - 2nd Exhibition of the Abelardo Rodrigues Collection of Plastic Arts, at MAC/Olinda
1983 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 6th National Salon of Plastic Arts, at MAM/RJ
1983 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Collective, at Galeria Cesar Aché
1983 - São Paulo SP - 14th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, in the MAM/SP
1984 - Curitiba PR - 6th Engraving Exhibition City of Curitiba. The woodcut in the history of Brazilian art, at Casa Romário Martins
1984 - Curitiba PR - Três Visionários, at Simões de Assis Art Gallery
1984 - Porto Alegre RS - Engravings: a trajectory in time, in the Cambona Arts Center
1984 - Ribeirão Preto SP - Brazilian engravers 50s/60s, at the Campus-USP Gallery
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The woodcut in the history of Brazilian art, Funarte. Sérgio Milliet Gallery
1984 - São Paulo SP - 15th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1984 - São Paulo SP - The color and design of Brazil, at MAM/SP
1984 - São Paulo SP - Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection: Portrait and Self-Portrait of Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1984 - São Paulo SP - Tradition and Rupture: Synthesis of Brazilian Art and Culture, at the Biennial Foundation
1985 - Penápolis SP - 6th Northwest Plastic Arts Hall, at the Penápolis Educational Foundation. Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Meetings, at Petite Galeria
1985 - São Paulo SP - 100 works Itaú, at Masp
1985 - São Paulo SP - 18th São Paulo International Biennial, at the Bienal Foundation
1985 - São Paulo SP - The Art of the Imaginary, at the Encontro das Artes Gallery
1985 - São Paulo SP - Highlights of Brazilian contemporary art, at MAM/SP
1986 - Curitiba PR - 7th Collection of the National Engraving Museum - Casa da Gravura, at the Guido Viaro Museum
1987 - Campinas SP - 1st International Engraving Biennial, at MACC
1987 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - To the collector: Homage to Gilberto Chateaubriand, at MAM/RJ
1987 - São Paulo SP - 18th Panorama of Current Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1987 - São Paulo SP - AS Biennials in the MAC collection: 1951 to 1985, at MAC/USP
1987 - São Paulo SP - 20th Exhibition of Contemporary Art (20. : 1987 : São Paulo, SP) - Chapel Art Show (São Paulo, sp)
1988 - Curitiba PR - 8th Engraving Exhibition City of Curitiba, at Casa Romario Martins
1988 - New York (United States) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States: 1920-1970, at The Bronx Museum of the Arts
1988 - São Paulo SP - MAC 25 years: Highlights of the initial collection, at MAC/USP
1988 - São Paulo SP - Os Ritmos e As Forms: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Sesc Pompéia
1989 - Copenhagen (Denmark) - The Rhythms and Forms: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at the Charlottenborg Museum
1989 - Copenhagen (Denmark) - The Rhythms And the Forms: Contemporary Brazilian Art (1989: Copenhagen, Denmark) - Charlottenborg Museum (Copenhagen, Denmark)
1989 - El Paso (United States) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States: 1920-1970, at the El Paso Museum of Art
1989 - Ljubljana (Yugoslavia - current Slovenia) - 18th International Engraving Biennial, Modern Gallerija Ljubljana
1989 - San Juan (Puerto Rico) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States, 1920-1970, at the Institute of Culture Puertorriqueña
1989 - New York (United States) - Presence of Latin American art, at The Bronx Museum of the Arts
1989 - Recife PE - Memory Game
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian engraving: 4 themes, at EAV/Parque Lage
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Memory Game, at Montesanti Galleria
1989 - San Diego (United States) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States: 1920-1970, at the San Diego Museum of Art
1989 - San Juan (Porto Rico) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States: 1920-1970, at the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña
1989 - São Paulo SP - 20th International Biennial of São Paulo, at the Bienal Foundation
1989 - São Paulo SP - Game of Memory, at Montesanti Roesler Gallery
1990 - Chicago (United States) - Brazil: Crossroads of Modern Art, at Randolph Gallery
1990 - Chicago (United States) - Expressions Singulars of Brazilian Art, at the Chicago Cultural Center
1990 - Curitiba PR - 9th Mostra da Engraving City of Curitiba, at the Engraving Museum
1990 - Miami (United States) - The Latin American Spirit: Art and Artists in the United States, 1920-1970, at the Center for the Fine Arts Miami Art Museum of Date
1991 - Belo Horizonte MG - Two Portraits of Art, at MAP
1991 - Brasília DF - Two Portraits of Art, at the Historical and Diplomatic Museum - Itamaraty Palace
1991 - Curitiba PR - Two portraits of art, at the Cultural Foundation of Curitiba. Solar do Barão
1991 - Curitiba PR - Municipal Museum of Art: Collection, at the Municipal Museum of Art
1991 - Porto Alegre RS - Dois Portraits of Art, in Margs
1991 - Recife PE - Two portraits of art, Pernambuco State Museum
1991 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Two portraits of art, at MAM/RJ
1991 - Salvador BA - Two portraits of art, at the Bahia Art Museum
1991 - Santos SP - 3rd Santos Bienal de Santos, at the Patrícia Galvão Culture Center
1991 - São Paulo SP - Dois Portraits da Arte, at MAC/USP
1991 - São Paulo SP - What makes you now Generation 60?: Young contemporary art of the years 60 Revisited, at MAC/USP
1991 - São Paulo SP - Records and impressions: seminal artists, at Casa das Rosas
1992 - Americana SP - Reinauguration exhibition of the Museum of Contemporary Art of Americana, in the Mac/Americana
1992 - Curitiba PR - 10th Exhibition of Engraving City of Curitiba/Mostra América, at the Engraving Museum
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Art engraving in Brazil: proposal for a mapping, CCBB
1992 - São Paulo SP - The look of Sérgio on Brazilian art: drawings and paintings, at the Mário de Andrade Municipal Library
1993 - João Pessoa PB - woodcut: from cordel to the gallery, at the Espaço Cultural da Paraíba
1993 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Emblems of the body: the nude in Brazilian modern art, at CCBB
1993 - São Paulo SP - The modern design in Brazil: Gilberto Chateaubriand Art Gallery SESI
1993 - São Paulo SP - Works for illustration of the literary supplement: 1956-1967, at MAM/SP
1994 - Poços de Caldas MG - Unibanco Collection: Exhibition commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Unibanco, at the Casa de Cultura de Poços de Caldas
1994 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The modern design in Brazil: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection, at MAM/RJ
1994 - São Paulo SP - Bienal Brasil Século 20th, at the Fundação Bienal
1994 - São Paulo SP - Engravings: Subtleties and Mysteries, Printing Techniques, at the Pinacoteca do Estado
1994 - São Paulo SP - Poetics of the Resistance: Aspects of Brazilian Engraving, in the Art Gallery of the SESI
1994 - São Paulo SP - woodcut: from cordel to the gallery, on the subway
1995 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Unibanco collection: exhibition commemorating the 70th anniversary of Unibanco, in the MAM/RJ
1995 - São Paulo SP - Atelier Calcographic Iole 15 years, at Sesc Pompéia
1995 - São Paulo SP - Three masters of metal engraving: Darel, Grassmann, Gruber, at the Banespa Museum
1996 - São Paulo SP - Ex Libris/Home Page, at Paço das Artes
1996 - São Paulo SP - Figure and landscape in the MAM collection: tribute to Volpi, at MAM/SP
1997 - São Paulo SP - Figures and Bichos, at the USP Zoology Museum
1998 - Campinas SP - The great art of engraving, at the Croqui Gallery
1998 - São Paulo SP - The modern and the contemporary in Brazilian art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection - MAM/RJ, at MASP
1998 - São Paulo SP - Os Collectoros - Guita and José Mindlin: matrices and prints, at the SESI Art Gallery
1999 - Niterói RJ - Shows river engraving. Banerj Collection, at the Ingá Museum
1999 - Porto Alegre RS - Art Garage: Inaugural Exhibition, at the Art Garage
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Exhibition Rio Engraving. Brazilian modern engraving: Collection National Museum of Fine Arts, in the MNBA
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian Literature and Engraving, at ABL
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Mostra Rio Engraving. Brazilian Literature and Engraving, at ABL
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Exhibition Rio Engraving: Marcelo Grassmann, at the Correios Cultural Space
1999 - São Paulo SP - The ressacralization of art, at SESC Pompéia
2000 - São Paulo SP - Investigations. The Brazilian engraving, at Itaú Cultural
2000 - São Paulo SP - The role of art, in the SESI Art Gallery
2000 - Valencia (Spain) - from La Anthropophagia to Brasilía: Brazil 1920-1950, at Ivam. Center Julio Gonzáles
2001 - Brasília DF - Investigations. The Brazilian engraving, at Galeria Itaú Cultural
2001 - Penápolis SP - Investigations. The Brazilian engraving, at Galeria Itaú Cultural
2001 - Porto Alegre RS - Liba and Rubem Knijnik Collection: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at Margs
2001 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian Watercolor, at Centro Cultural Light
2001 - São Paulo SP - Figures and Faces, at A Galeria
2001 - Uberlândia MG - Brazilian prints from the muna collection: 60s, 70s and 80s, at MUNA
2002 - Passo Fundo RS - Engravings: Paulo Dalacorte Collection, at the Ruth Schneider Visual Arts Museum
2002 - Porto Alegre RS - Drawings, engravings, sculptures and watercolors, in the art garage
2002 - Porto Alegre RS - Engravings: Paulo Dalacorte Collection, at the Labor Museum
2002 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Caminhos do Contemporânea 1952-2002, at the Imperial Palace
2002 - São Paulo SP - From Anthropophagia to Brasília: Brazil 1920-1950, at MAB/FAAP
2002 - São Paulo SP - Modernism: from the week of 22 to the Art Section of Sérgio Milliet, at the CCSP
2003 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Treasures da Caixa: Brazilian modern art in the Caixa collection, in the Caixa Cultural Complex
2003 - São Paulo SP - Art and Society: a controversial relationship, at Itaú Cultural
2003 - São Paulo SP - Entre Aberto, in the Brazilian engraving
2004 - São Paulo SP - Paper Office, at CCSP
2004 - São Paulo SP - New acquisitions: 1995 - 2003, at MAB/FAAP
Source: Itaú Cultural
